Indexing
All Issues
Submission
Author Guidelines
Reviewers
Editorial Members
Publication Fee
Vol.2 , No. 2, Publication Date: Mar. 3, 2015, Page: 28-35
![](https://www.facebook.com/dialog/feed?app_id=808315475849687&link=http://www.aascit.org/journal/archive2?journalId=923%26paperId=1473&redirect_uri=http://www.aascit.org/journal/archive2?journalId=923%26paperId=1473&display=popup&name=Effects of Rhizobia and Mycorrhizae Inoculations on the Growth and Nodulation of Chamaecytisus proliferus&description=The present study aims to assess the effect of rhizobia and /or mycorrhizae inoculations on the growth and nodulation of Tagasaste "Chamaecytisus proliferus subsp. Palmensis". Three strains of mycorrhizae and twelve rhizobia strains were used. The mycorrhizal inoculation was done at the time of the seedling, mixing the spores of three arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi with a sterile peat. The rhizobial inoculation was performed twice by applying the inoculum that contained a mixture of 12 strains of Rhizobium multiplied before in the Yeast Mannitol Broth medium. The biomass and nodulation were evaluated under different treatments. The essay was realized at the greenhouse the Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University. The Inoculation with these root symbionts, separate or combined, increased the biomass accumulation of the Tagasaste treated compared to the absolute control. However, the best response result was that of the simple rhizobial inoculation which showed a very good growth as well as an important root infection assisted by the number and weight nodule compared to the single mycorrhizal inoculation and to the dual inoculation. Finally, the symbiosis with rhizobia and mycorrhizae is an important biological technology to improve the sustainable production of leguminous plant in different agro-ecological regions.&picture=http://www.aascit.org/aascit/decorators/img/journal/923.jpg)
| [1] | Btissam Ben Messaoud, Soil & Environment Microbiology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes, Morocco. |
| [2] | Laila Nassiri, Soil & Environment Microbiology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes, Morocco. |
| [3] | Jamal Ibijbijen, Soil & Environment Microbiology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes, Morocco. |
The present study aims to assess the effect of rhizobia and /or mycorrhizae inoculations on the growth and nodulation of Tagasaste "Chamaecytisus proliferus subsp. Palmensis". Three strains of mycorrhizae and twelve rhizobia strains were used. The mycorrhizal inoculation was done at the time of the seedling, mixing the spores of three arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi with a sterile peat. The rhizobial inoculation was performed twice by applying the inoculum that contained a mixture of 12 strains of Rhizobium multiplied before in the Yeast Mannitol Broth medium. The biomass and nodulation were evaluated under different treatments. The essay was realized at the greenhouse the Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University. The Inoculation with these root symbionts, separate or combined, increased the biomass accumulation of the Tagasaste treated compared to the absolute control. However, the best response result was that of the simple rhizobial inoculation which showed a very good growth as well as an important root infection assisted by the number and weight nodule compared to the single mycorrhizal inoculation and to the dual inoculation. Finally, the symbiosis with rhizobia and mycorrhizae is an important biological technology to improve the sustainable production of leguminous plant in different agro-ecological regions.
Keywords
Tagasaste, Mycorrhizae, Rhizobium, Inoculation, Growth, Nodulation
Reference
| [01] | Pankaj KM, Shekhar CB, Pooja R, Gopal KJ, Singh G, Jaideep KB, Bhatt JC. Bioassociative effect of cold tolerant Pseudomonas spp. and Rhizobium leguminosarum - PR1 on iron acquisition, nutrient uptake and growth of lentil (Lens culinarisL.). European Journal of Soil Biology. 2011; 47: 35-43. |
| [02] | Pellegrino E, Bedini S, Avio L, Bonari E, Giovannetti M. Field inoculation effectiveness of native and exotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in a Mediterranean agricultural soil. Soil Biology & Biochemistry. 2011; 43: 367-376. |
| [03] | Tajini F, Trabelsi M, Drevon JJ. Combined inoculation with Glomus intraradices and Rhizobium tropici CIAT899 increases phosphorus use efficiency for symbiotic nitrogen fixation in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 2012; 19: 157–163. |
| [04] | Ballard RA, Charman N, McInnes A, Davidson JA. Size, symbiotic effectiveness and genetic diversity of field pearhizobia (Rhizobium leguminosarumbv. viciae) populations in South Australian soils, Soil Biology & Biochemistry. 2004; 36: 1347–1355. |
| [05] | Chemining’wa GN, Ngeno J, Muthomi JW, Shibairo SI. Effectiveness of indigenous pea rhizobia (Rhizobium leguminosarumbv. viciae) in cultivated soils of central Kenya, Journal of Applied Biosciences. 2012; 57: 4177– 4185. |
| [06] | Sandra RM, Marcela CP, Frederico CM, Christiane AO, Andrea AC, Sa NH, Maria RS. Effect of rhizobia, mycorrhizal fungi and phosphate-solubilizing microorganismsin the rhizosphere of native plants used to recover an iron ore area in Brazil, European Journal of Soil Biology. 2009; 45: 259–266. |
| [07] | Augé RM. Water relations, drought and VA mycorrhizal symbiosis. Mycorrhiza. 2001; 11: 3-42. |
| [08] | Graham JH. What do root pathogens see in mycorrhizas. New Phytologist, 2001; 149: 357-359. |
| [09] | Scheublin TR, Vander Heijden MGA. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonize non fixing root nodules of several legume species. New Phytol. 2006; 172: 732–738. |
| [10] | Xiao TJ, Yang QS, Ran W, Xu GH, Shen QR. Effect of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus on nitrogen and phosphorus utilization in upland ricemung bean intercropping system. Agric.Sci. 2010; 9: 528–535. |
| [11] | Franzini VI, Azcon R, Latanze MF, Aroca R. Interaction between Glomus species and Rhizobium strains affect the nutritional physiology of drought stressed legume hosts. J. Plant Physiol. 2010; 167: 614–619. |
| [12] | Ortega JF, Jackson MT, Guerra AS, Galván MF. Historical aspects of the origin and distribution of Tagasaste (Chamaecytisus proliferus (l. fil.) link ssp. Palmensis (christ) kunkel), a fodder tree from the canary islands, J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. 1991; 14(1): 67-76. |
| [13] | Garcia MM, Lopez F, Alfaro A, Ariza J, Tapias R. The use of Tagasaste (Chamaecytisus proliferus) from different origins for biomass and paper production. Bioresource Technology. 2008; 99 : 3451–3457. |
| [14] | Snook LC. Tagasaste (Tree lucernes): Chamaecitysus palmensis: abrowse shrub which will increase production from grazing. Aust. Anim. Prod. Aust. 1982; 15: 589–592. |
| [15] | Webb CJ, Shand JE. Reproductive biology of tree Lucerne (Chamaecitysus palmensis, Leguminosae). NZ J. Bot. 1985; 23: 597–606. |
| [16] | Twosend RJ, Radclife JE. Establishment and management of tagasaste, Proc. NZ Grassland Assoc. 1987; 48: 109–113. |
| [17] | Correa JD, Barrios ML, Galdona RP. Screening for plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria in Chamaecytisus proliferus (tagasaste), a forage tree-shrub legume endemic to the Canary Islands, Plant and Soil. 2005 (Vol 266, Issue 1-2): 261-272. |
| [18] | Alfaro A, López F, Pérez A, García JC, Rodríguez A. Integral valorization of tagasaste (Chamaecytisus proliferus) under hydrothermal and pulp processing, Bioresource Technology. 2010; 101: 7635–7640. |
| [19] | Oldham CM, Wlikins JF, Moore PM. Tagasaste (Chamaecytisus palmensis), an evergreen fodder tree, in grazing systems of Mediterranean type climates. Proceedings Int. Grassland Congress, Nice, France. 1989; pp. 1251-1254 |
| [20] | Monjardino M, Revell D, Pannell DJ. The potential contribution of forage shrubs to economic returns and environmental management in Australian dry land agricultural systems. Agric. Syst. 2010; 103: 187–197. |
| [21] | Pannell DJ, Ewing MA. Managing secondary dry land salinity: options and challenges. Agric. Water Manage. 2006; 80: 41–56. |
| [22] | McKenzie BA, Hill GD, Ganeshan V, Yamoah E, Andrews ME, Humphry DR. The role of legumes in improving nitrogen availability, soil fertility and growth in the following crop. Aspects Appl. Biol. 2001; 63: 53–60. |
| [23] | Marques G, Gutiérrez A, del Rio JC. Chemical composition of lignin and lipids from Tagasaste (Chamaecytisus proliferus spp. palmensis), industrial crops and products. 2008; 28: 29–36. |
| [24] | Elbannaa K, Elbadryb M, Hosny GE. Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of rhizobia that nodulate snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Egyptian soils. Systematic and Applied Microbiology. 2009; 32: 522–530. |
| [25] | Beck DP, Materon LA, Afandi F. Practical Rhizobium-Legume Technology Manual. ICARDA. 1993; p.48 and 49. |
| [26] | Wei GH, Wang ET, Tan ZY, Zhu ME, Chen WX. Rhizobium indigoferae sp. nov. and Sinorhizobium kummerowiae sp. nov.respectively isolated from Indigofera spp. and Kummerowias tipulacea. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 2002 ; 52: 2231-2239. |
| [27] | Vincent JM. A Manual for the Practical Study of Root Nodule Bacteria, firsted, Oxford Publication for the International Biological Program. 1970; p. 164. |
| [28] | Lindstrom, K.,Young, J.P.W. 2009. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes. Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Agrobacterium and Rhizobium. Minutes of the meeting, 31 August 2008, Gent, Belgium. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 59, 921 - 922. |
| [29] | Green PJ. Reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo computation and Bayesian model determination. Biometrika. 1995; 82: 711-732. |
| [30] | Weisburg WG, Barns SM, Pelletier DA, Lane DJ. 16S ribosomal amplification for phylogenetic study. J Bacteriol. 1991;173: 697-703 |
| [31] | Costa CMC, Cavalcante UMT, Goto BT, Santos VF, Maia LC, Fungos micorrízicos arbusculares e adubação fosfatada emmudas de mangabeira. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira. 2005; 40: 225-232. |
| [32] | Ulrich A and Zaspel I. Phylogenetic diversity of rhizobial strains nodulating Robinia pseudo acacia L., Microbiology. 2000; 146: 2997–3005. |
| [33] | Saghir KM, Zaidi A, Musarrat J. Microbes for legume improvement. Springer-Verlag / Wien, Germany, 2010. |
| [34] | Recep K, Fikrettin S, Erkol D, Cafer E. Biological control of the potato dry rot caused byFusarium species using PGPR strains. Biol Contr. 2009; 50: 194–198. |
| [35] | Dileep Kumar BS. Fusarial wilt suppression and crop improvement through two rhizobacterial strains in chick pea growing in soils infested with Fusarium oxysporum f. spciceris, BiolFert Soils. 1999; 29: 87–91. |
| [36] | Duijff BJ, Meijer JW, Bakker P, Schippers B. Siderophore mediated competition for iron and induced disease resistance in the suppression of Fusarium wilt of carnation by fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. Neth J Plant Pathol. 1993; 99: 277–291. |
| [37] | Schippers B. Exploitation of microbial mechanisms to promote plant health and plant growth. Phytoparasitica. 1993; 21: 275–279. |
| [38] | Weller DM. Biological control of soil borne plant pathogens in the rhizosphere with bacteria. Ann Rev Phytopathol. 1988; 26: 379–407. |
| [39] | Molla AH, Shamsuddin ZH, Halimi MS, Morziah M, Puteh AB. Potential for enhancement of root growth and nodulation of soybean co-inoculated with Azospirillum and Bradyrhizobium in laboratory systems. Soil BiolBiochem. 2001; 33: 457–463. |
| [40] | Srinivasan M, Petersen DJ, Holl FB. Influence of indoleacetic-acid-producing Bacillus isolates on the nodulation of Phaseolus vulgaris by Rhizobium etli under genotobiotic conditions. Can J Microbiol . 1996; 42: 1006–1014. |
| [41] | Vessey JK, Buss TJ. Bacillus cereus UW85 inoculation effects on growth, nodulation, and N accumulation in grain legumes. Controlled - environment studies. Can J Plant Sci. 2002; 82: 282–290. |
| [42] | Ruiz-Lozano JM and Azcon R. Specificity and functional compatibility of VA mycorrhizal endophytes in association with Bradyrhizobium strains in Cicer arietinum, Symbiosis. 1993; 15: 217–26. |
| [43] | Azcon R, Ocampo JA. Factors affecting the vesicular-arbuscular infection and mycorrhizal dependency of thirteen wheat cultivars. New Phytol. 1981; 87: 677–685. |
| [44] | Azcon R, Rubio R, Barea JM. Selective interactions between different species of mycorrhizal fungi and Rhizobium meliloti strains, and their effects on growth, N2 fixation (N15) in Medicago sativa at four salinity levels. NewPhytol. 1991; 117: 399–404. |
| [45] | Redecker D, Von Berswordt-Wallrabe P, Beck DP, Werner D. Influence of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on stable isotopes of nitrogen in Phaseolus vulgaris. BiolFertilSoils. 1997; 24: 344–6. |
| [46] | Mortimer PE, Pérez-Fernandez MA, Valentine AJ. The role of arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization in the carbon and nutrient economy of the tripartite symbiosis with nodulated Phaseolus vulgaris, Soil Biol. Biochem. 2008; 40: 1019–1027. |
| [47] | Asea PEA, Kucey RMN, Stewart JWB. Inorganic phosphate solubilization by two Penicillium species in solution culture and soil. Soil. Biol. Biochem. 1988; 20: 459-464. |
| [48] | Halvorson HO, Keynan A, Komberg HL. Utilization of calcium phosphate for microbial growth at alkaline Ph. Soil Biol. Biochem. 1990; 22: 887 - 890. |
| [49] | Saghir Khan M, Zaidi A, Ahemad M, Oves M and Ahmad P. Plant growth promotion by phosphate solubilizing fungi – current perspective. Agronomy and Soil Science. 2010; Vol. 56(1): 73–98. |
