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Vol.4 , No. 6, Publication Date: Nov. 16, 2017, Page: 76-81
</i> were investigated for their antimicrobial activities against two bacterial isolates: <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis</i> and two fungal isolates: <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> and <i>Candida albicans</i> which were obtained from UBTH, Benin City. The organisms were identified using standard microbiology procedures. The phytochemical screening of ginger revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenols and steroids in both extract. The antimicrobial activity of each extract was evaluated by the agar well diffusion method. The ethanol extract showed considerable activity on the test organisms with zones of inhibition ranging from 7±0.4mm at concentration of 6.25mg/ml to 23.0 ±3.2mm at 100mg/ml and MIC ranging from 6.25mg/ml against <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> and <i>Candida albicans</i> to 12.5mg/ml in <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>. The activity of the aqueous extract was very minimal at low concentration, but at higher concentration (50-100mg/ml), marked activity was observed. The minimum bactericidal concentration of both extracts was also determined and ranged from 25-50mg/ml in both ethanol extract and aqueous extract. The most susceptible organisms were <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> and <i>Candida albicans</i> while the moset resistant was <i>Aspergillus flavus</i>. Antibiotics susceptibility test for the selected organisms showed varying degree of resistance to the antibiotics used, with <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> being multi-drug resistant. The most effective drugs were gentamicin, ofloxacin and perfloxacin. The sensitivity of multiple drug resistant organisms to this plant extracts implies an alternative or substitution for existing antibiotics. Therefore, this plant should be further researched into and developed to explore its therapeutic antimicrobial agents and further pharmacological evaluation.&picture=http://www.aascit.org/aascit/decorators/img/journal/908.jpg)
| [1] | Evbuomwan Lucky, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria. |
| [2] | Obazenu Emmanuel Igbinosa, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria. |
| [3] | Inetianbor Jonahan, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, Federal University Wukari, Wukari, Nigeria. |
Aqueous and ethanol extracts of ginger (Zingiber officinale) were investigated for their antimicrobial activities against two bacterial isolates: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis and two fungal isolates: Aspergillus flavus and Candida albicans which were obtained from UBTH, Benin City. The organisms were identified using standard microbiology procedures. The phytochemical screening of ginger revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenols and steroids in both extract. The antimicrobial activity of each extract was evaluated by the agar well diffusion method. The ethanol extract showed considerable activity on the test organisms with zones of inhibition ranging from 7±0.4mm at concentration of 6.25mg/ml to 23.0 ±3.2mm at 100mg/ml and MIC ranging from 6.25mg/ml against Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans to 12.5mg/ml in Bacillus subtilis. The activity of the aqueous extract was very minimal at low concentration, but at higher concentration (50-100mg/ml), marked activity was observed. The minimum bactericidal concentration of both extracts was also determined and ranged from 25-50mg/ml in both ethanol extract and aqueous extract. The most susceptible organisms were Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans while the moset resistant was Aspergillus flavus. Antibiotics susceptibility test for the selected organisms showed varying degree of resistance to the antibiotics used, with Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa being multi-drug resistant. The most effective drugs were gentamicin, ofloxacin and perfloxacin. The sensitivity of multiple drug resistant organisms to this plant extracts implies an alternative or substitution for existing antibiotics. Therefore, this plant should be further researched into and developed to explore its therapeutic antimicrobial agents and further pharmacological evaluation.
Keywords
Antimicrobial, Hytochemical, Resistance, Susceptibility, Sensitivity, Bactericidal
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