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Vol.2 , No. 3, Publication Date: May 4, 2015, Page: 25-32
 Promotes a De-Differentiated Phenotype in Dental Pulp-Derived Stem Cells in vitro&description=Mesenchymal dental pulp-derived stem cells (DPSC) may be capable of regenerating many tissue types, including bone, adipocyte, vascular, and neural tissues. Methods currently under development direct pluripotent stem cells to differentiate, however, spontaneous in vitro differentiation may also occur – although the mechanisms that direct this process have not been fully elucidated. The goal of this study was to evaluate the potential of dichloroacetate (DCA), a cell proliferation inhibitor, to mediate growth and promote de-differentiation of DPSC exhibiting markers of different lineages. Thirty DPSC isolates were isolated and characterized using standard in vitro assays. Two cell lines exhibited evidence of spontaneous, non-directed in vitro differentiation. mRNA screening revealed these isolates may have spontaneously differentiated into neuronal progenitors and odontoblast progenitors. The remaining cell lines remained uncommitted. A dose-dependent inhibition of proliferation was observed following administration of DCA (10 – 1000 nmol), with the growth inhibitory maximum observed at 200 nmol. This inhibition was associated with a statistically significant decrease in cellular adhesion among the neuronal progenitors to Fibronectin, as well as Collagen. This provides evidence that growth of one lineage of spontaneously in vitro differentiated mesenchymal stem cells derived from dental pulp (neuronal progenitors) may be modulated, in part, through administration of exogenous metabolic regulators including DCA. Moreover, this inhibition may be associated with alterations in adhesion to extracellular matrix proteins, as well as down-regulation of key differentiation markers – suggesting a potential new mechanism for tissue engineering involving DPSC.&picture=http://www.aascit.org/aascit/decorators/img/journal/903.jpg)
| [1] | Austin Burnett, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, USA. |
| [2] | Rohit Kumar, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, USA. |
| [3] | Joshua D. Westphal, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, USA. |
| [4] | Karl Kingsley, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, USA. |
Mesenchymal dental pulp-derived stem cells (DPSC) may be capable of regenerating many tissue types, including bone, adipocyte, vascular, and neural tissues. Methods currently under development direct pluripotent stem cells to differentiate, however, spontaneous in vitro differentiation may also occur – although the mechanisms that direct this process have not been fully elucidated. The goal of this study was to evaluate the potential of dichloroacetate (DCA), a cell proliferation inhibitor, to mediate growth and promote de-differentiation of DPSC exhibiting markers of different lineages. Thirty DPSC isolates were isolated and characterized using standard in vitro assays. Two cell lines exhibited evidence of spontaneous, non-directed in vitro differentiation. mRNA screening revealed these isolates may have spontaneously differentiated into neuronal progenitors and odontoblast progenitors. The remaining cell lines remained uncommitted. A dose-dependent inhibition of proliferation was observed following administration of DCA (10 – 1000 nmol), with the growth inhibitory maximum observed at 200 nmol. This inhibition was associated with a statistically significant decrease in cellular adhesion among the neuronal progenitors to Fibronectin, as well as Collagen. This provides evidence that growth of one lineage of spontaneously in vitro differentiated mesenchymal stem cells derived from dental pulp (neuronal progenitors) may be modulated, in part, through administration of exogenous metabolic regulators including DCA. Moreover, this inhibition may be associated with alterations in adhesion to extracellular matrix proteins, as well as down-regulation of key differentiation markers – suggesting a potential new mechanism for tissue engineering involving DPSC.
Keywords
Dichloroacetate (DCA), Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSC), in vitro Culture
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