Indexing
All Issues
Submission
Author Guidelines
Reviewers
Editorial Members
Publication Fee
Vol.3 , No. 3, Publication Date: May 13, 2016, Page: 63-72
 reduction between oil and water using surfactants has been used to recover trapped oil after the primary and secondary recovery, however petroleum based surfactants are costly. More research in required on other possible sources of surfactants that can be used to supplement the existing petroleum based surfactants. In this study, surfactant formulations mixed with Lignosulfonate which was sulfonated from local coconut coir lignin, were characterized and screened through micro emulsion phase behavior experiments as a function of Lignosulfonate, primary surfactant, and alcohol concentration. Three different formulations were evaluated for their performance in residual oil recovery when followed with a polymer flood for oil displacement experiments using sand pack model at room temperature. It was found that for the system which used decane as an oil phase, surfactant formulation consisting of 2.0% (w/v) sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate (SDBS) and 2.0% (v/v) isopentanol was able to give high oil recovery and water solubilization ratios at 2.8% (w/v) NaCl. These oil and water solubilization ratios increased slightly when 2.0 (w/v) lignosulfonate was added into the same formulation. It was evidenced that surfactants generated from coconut coir had higher potential to recover residual oil and more promising when combined with polymers.&picture=http://www.aascit.org/aascit/decorators/img/journal/902.jpg)
| [1] | Sagala Farad, Department of Petroleum Engineering & Renewable Energy, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor, Malaysia; Invention Plus limited, Kampala Uganda; Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. |
| [2] | Muhammad A. Manan, Department of Petroleum Engineering & Renewable Energy, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor, Malaysia. |
| [3] | Norhisyambin Ismail, Department of Petroleum Engineering & Renewable Energy, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor, Malaysia. |
| [4] | Hussein Kisiki Nsamba, Section of Industrial Chemistry, department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda; Invention Plus limited, Kampala Uganda. |
| [5] | Emmanuel Galiwango, Department of Chemical Engineering, Kangwon National University, Joonagang-rosamcheok, Gangwon, South Korea. |
| [6] | Isa Kabenge, Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. |
Interfacial tension (IFT) reduction between oil and water using surfactants has been used to recover trapped oil after the primary and secondary recovery, however petroleum based surfactants are costly. More research in required on other possible sources of surfactants that can be used to supplement the existing petroleum based surfactants. In this study, surfactant formulations mixed with Lignosulfonate which was sulfonated from local coconut coir lignin, were characterized and screened through micro emulsion phase behavior experiments as a function of Lignosulfonate, primary surfactant, and alcohol concentration. Three different formulations were evaluated for their performance in residual oil recovery when followed with a polymer flood for oil displacement experiments using sand pack model at room temperature. It was found that for the system which used decane as an oil phase, surfactant formulation consisting of 2.0% (w/v) sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate (SDBS) and 2.0% (v/v) isopentanol was able to give high oil recovery and water solubilization ratios at 2.8% (w/v) NaCl. These oil and water solubilization ratios increased slightly when 2.0 (w/v) lignosulfonate was added into the same formulation. It was evidenced that surfactants generated from coconut coir had higher potential to recover residual oil and more promising when combined with polymers.
Keywords
Black Liquor, Phase Behavior, Lignin, Surfactant, Solubilization, Micro Emulsion
Reference
| [01] | Austad, Tor, & Milter, Jess. (2000). Surfactant flooding in enhanced oil recovery. Surfactants: Fundamentals and Applications in the Petroleum Industry, 203-249. |
| [02] | Bell, RJ, & Dean, P. (1970). Atomic vibrations in vitreous silica. Discussions of the Faraday society, 50, 55-61. |
| [03] | DeBons, FE, & Whittington, LE. (1992). Improved oil recovery surfactants based on lignin. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 7 (1), 131-138. |
| [04] | Flaaten, Adam Knut. (2007). Experimental study of microemulsion characterization and optimization in enhanced oil recovery: a design approach for reservoirs with high salinity and hardness. University of Texas at Austin. |
| [05] | Han, Da-Kuang, Yang, Cheng-Zhi, Zhang, Zheng-Qing, Lou, Zhu-Hong, & Chang, You-Im. (1999). Recent development of enhanced oil recovery in China. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 22 (1), 181-188. |
| [06] | Ibrahim, MN Mohamad, Ibrahim, MN Mohamad, Azian, H, & Azian, H. (2005). Extracting soda lignin from the black liquor of oil palm empty fruit bunch. Jurnal Teknologi (C), 42 (C), 11-20. |
| [07] | Ibrahim, Mohamad Nasir Mohamad, Zakaria, Norhidaya, Sipaut, Coswald Stephen, Sulaiman, Othman, & Hashim, Rokiah. (2011). Chemical and thermal properties of lignins from oil palm biomass as a substitute for phenol in a phenol formaldehyde resin production. Carbohydrate polymers, 86 (1), 112-119. |
| [08] | Iglauer, Stefan, Wu, Yongfu, Shuler, Patrick, Tang, Yongchun, & Goddard, William A. (2009). Alkyl polyglycoside surfactant–alcohol cosolvent formulations for improved oil recovery. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 339 (1), 48-59. |
| [09] | Mayo, Dana W. (2004). Characteristic Frequencies of Aromatic Compounds (Group Frequencies of Arenes). Course Notes on the Interpretation of Infrared and Raman Spectra, 101-140. |
| [10] | Pepper, JM, Baylis, PET, & Adler, E. (1959). The isolation and properties of lignins obtained by the acidolysis of spruce and aspen woods in dioxane-water medium. Canadian Journal of Chemistry, 37 (8), 1241-1248. |
| [11] | Rana, D, Neale, G, & Hornof, V. (2002). Surface tension of mixed surfactant systems: lignosulfonate and sodium dodecyl sulfate. Colloid and Polymer Science, 280 (8), 775-778. |
| [12] | Routledge, Edwin J, & Sumpter, John P. (1996). Estrogenic activity of surfactants and some of their degradation products assessed using a recombinant yeast screen. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 15 (3), 241-248. |
| [13] | Sen, Ramkrishna. (2008). Biotechnology in petroleum recovery: the microbial EOR. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 34 (6), 714-724. |
| [14] | Singh, Ajay, Van Hamme, Jonathan D, & Ward, Owen P. (2007). Surfactants in microbiology and biotechnology: Part 2. Application aspects. Biotechnology advances, 25 (1), 99-121. |
| [15] | Trabelsi, Siwar, Argillier, Jean-François, Dalmazzone, Christine, Hutin, Anthony, Bazin, Brigitte, & Langevin, Dominique. (2011). Effect of added surfactants in an enhanced alkaline/heavy oil system. Energy & Fuels, 25 (4), 1681-1685. |
