Indexing
All Issues
Submission
Author Guidelines
Reviewers
Editorial Members
Publication Fee
Vol.3 , No. 2, Publication Date: Apr. 7, 2016, Page: 21-26
 defining their age at the first pasture; G1: two months; G2: 3 months and G3: four months. For the treatment with <i>Azadirachta indica</i>, five lots were formed, L1, L2, L3 receiving 250 mg/kg body weight respectively every 24, 48 and 72 h, W1 lot received 2.5 ml water/ kg every 72 h, and W2 was subjected to contention and oral fluid administration. The weight gain was followed each week, coccidia and strongyles infestation levels were determined by fecal egg count and the hematocrit was assessed. Results showed: for the treatment effects, no significant differences have been found nor in weight gain (p = 0,340), hematocrit volume (p = 0,210), coccidia infestation (p = 0,153), neither in strongyles infestation (p = 0,704). About age at the first pasture effects, it was found in animals of G1 the best weekly weight gain (385.5 ± 298.2 g/day (p < 0.05), a low intensity of coccidia infestation with 5832.43 oocyte/g of feces (p < 0.05), and a high strongyles infestation with 3859.45 ± 2862.76 eggs/g of feces. To expect better performance, young goats have to graze as earlier as possible, <i>Azadirachta indica</i> dosage and treatment frequencies are to be improved.&picture=http://www.aascit.org/aascit/decorators/img/journal/892.jpg)
| [1] | Akourki Adamou, Department of Animal Sciences and Techniques, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of Dan Dicko Dankoulodo, Maradi, Niger. |
| [2] | Chaïbou Issa, Department of Animal Sciences and Techniques, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of Dan Dicko Dankoulodo, Maradi, Niger. |
| [3] | Sidikou Idrissa Djibo, Department of Animal Sciences and Techniques, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of Dan Dicko Dankoulodo, Maradi, Niger. |
| [4] | Adakal Hassane, Department of Animal Sciences and Techniques, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of Dan Dicko Dankoulodo, Maradi, Niger. |
The goal of the present study was to investigate the effects of the age at the first pasture and a treatment based on administration of Azadirachta indica extract in goats. The study was carried out with a total of 50 young red-goats of Maradi. For the grazing experiment, animals were used belong to three groups (G) defining their age at the first pasture; G1: two months; G2: 3 months and G3: four months. For the treatment with Azadirachta indica, five lots were formed, L1, L2, L3 receiving 250 mg/kg body weight respectively every 24, 48 and 72 h, W1 lot received 2.5 ml water/ kg every 72 h, and W2 was subjected to contention and oral fluid administration. The weight gain was followed each week, coccidia and strongyles infestation levels were determined by fecal egg count and the hematocrit was assessed. Results showed: for the treatment effects, no significant differences have been found nor in weight gain (p = 0,340), hematocrit volume (p = 0,210), coccidia infestation (p = 0,153), neither in strongyles infestation (p = 0,704). About age at the first pasture effects, it was found in animals of G1 the best weekly weight gain (385.5 ± 298.2 g/day (p < 0.05), a low intensity of coccidia infestation with 5832.43 oocyte/g of feces (p < 0.05), and a high strongyles infestation with 3859.45 ± 2862.76 eggs/g of feces. To expect better performance, young goats have to graze as earlier as possible, Azadirachta indica dosage and treatment frequencies are to be improved.
Keywords
Coccidiosis, Strongylosis, Azadirachta indica, Pasture, Mardi Red Goat
Reference
| [01] | Ahuya C. O., Okeyo A. M., Mwangi-Njuru, Peacock C., 2005. Developmental challenges and opportunities in the goat industry in Kenya. Small Rum. Res., 60: 197-206. |
| [02] | Mandonnet N., Bachand M., Mahieu M., Arquet R., Baudron F., Abinne-Molza L., Varo H., Aumont G., 2005. Impact on productivity of peri-parturient rise in fecal egg counts in Creole goats in the humid tropics. Vet. Parasitol., 134: 249-259. |
| [03] | Sidikou I. D., Remy B., Hornick J. L., Losson B., Duquesnoy N., Yenikoye A., Beckers J. F., 2005. Le pepsinogène et la prochymosine des bovins: connaissances actuelles, applications et perspectives dans la stratégie de lutte contre les verminoses gastrointestinales. Ann. Méd. Vét., 14: 213-228. |
| [04] | Dossou A. D., 2008. Effet du tourteau de Neem (Azadirachta indica A. juss) sur les coccidioses aviaires. E. I. S. M. V, Dakar, Thèse, 89 pages. |
| [05] | Othman F, Motalleb G, Lam Tsuey Peng S, Rahmat A, Basri R, Pei Pei C., 2012. Effect of Neem Leaf Extract (Azadirachta indica) on c-Myc Oncogene Expression in 4T1 Breast Cancer Cells of BALB/c Mice. Cell J., 14(1): 53-60. |
| [06] | Nagendrappa PB, Naik MP., 2013. Payyappallimana U. Ethnobotanical survey of malaria prophylactic remedies in Odisha, India. J Ethnopharmacol., 19; 146(3): 768-72. |
| [07] | Mukherjee N, Saini P, Mukherjee S, Roy P, Sinha Babu SP., 2014. In vitro antifilarial activity of Azadirachta indica aqueous extract through reactive oxygen species enhancement. Asian Pac J Trop Med., 7(11): 841-8. doi: 0.1016/S1995-7645(14)60147-4. |
| [08] | Remedio RN, Nunes PH, Anholeto LA, Oliveira PR, Camargo-Mathias MI., 2015. Morphological effects of neem (Azadirachta indica, A. juss) seed oil with known azadirachtin concentrations on the oocytes of semi-engorged Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks (Acari: Ixodidae). Parasitol Res., 114(2): 431-44. |
| [09] | Elavarasu S, Abinaya P, Elanchezhiyan S, Thangakumaran, Vennila K, Naziya KB., 2012. Evaluation of anti-plaque microbial activity of Azadirachta indica (neem oil) in vitro: A pilot study. J Pharm Bioallied Sci., 4(Suppl 2): S394-6. |
| [10] | Jamra N, Das G, Singh P, Haque M. 2015. Anthelmintic efficacy of crude neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf powder against bovine strongylosis. J Parasit Dis. 2015 Dec; 39(4): 786-8. doi: 10.1007/s12639- 014-0423-9. Epub 2014 Feb 2. |
| [11] | Toulah FH, Ismeel HA, Khan S., 2010. Effect of treatment with Neem (Azadirachta indica) compared with Baycox drug on the caecum of chicken experimentally infected with Eimeria tenella. J Egypt Soc Parasitol., 40(1): 93-106. |
| [12] | Dkhil MA, Al-Quraishy S, Abdel Moneim AE, Delic D., 2013. Protective effect of Azadirachta indica extract against Eimeria papillata-induced coccidiosis. Parasitol Res., 112(1): 101-6. |
| [13] | Dalton, J. P and Mulcahy, G., 2001. Parasite vaccines a reality? Veterinary Parasitology, 98: 149–167. |
| [14] | Balicka-Ramisz A, Ramisz A, Vovk S, Snitynskyj V., 2012. Prevalence of coccidia infection in goats in Western Pomerania (Poland) and West Ukraine region. Ann Parasitol., 58(3): 167-71. |
| [15] | Rakhshandehroo E, Razavi SM, Nazifi S, Farzaneh M, Mobarraei N., 2013. Dynamics of the enzymatic antioxidants during experimental caprine coccidiosis. Parasitol Res., 112(4): 1437-41. |
| [16] | Hashemnia M, Khodakaram-Tafti A, Razavi SM, Nazifi S., 2012. Experimental caprine coccidiosis caused by Eimeria arloingi: morphopathologic and electron microscopic studies. Vet Res Commun., 36(1): 47-55. |
| [17] | Wang C, Cao M, Shi DX, Yin ZQ, Jia RY, Wang KY, Geng Y, Wang Y, Yao XP, Yang ZR, Zhao J., 2013. A 90-day subchronic toxicity study of neem oil, a Azadirachta indica oil, in mice. Hum Exp Toxicol., 32(9): 904-13. |
| [18] | National committee for clinical laboratory standards, 1993. Procedure for determining packed cell volume by the microhematocrit method - second edition; Approved Standard. NCCLS Document H7- A2, Vol. 13 n° 9. Villanova PA. 19085 États-Unis. |
| [19] | SPSS 20.0 pour Windouws, 2011. SPSS inc. |
| [20] | Fraser A. F., 1990. Farm animal behaviour. An introductory textbook on the study of behaviour as applied to horses, cattle, sheep and pigs, 3e édition. Londres, 196p. |
| [21] | Zhao GH, Lei LH, Shang CC, Gao M, Zhao YQ, Chen CX, Chen DK., 2012. High prevalence of Eimeria infection in dairy goats in Shaanxi province, northwestern China. Trop Anim Health Prod., 44(5): 943-6. |
| [22] | Akourki Adamou et Chaïbou Issa, 2013. Possibilités d’utilisation de quelques plantes locales; Allium sativum et Sida cordifolia en médecine vétérinaire. Rapport du projet de recherche scientifique. 17 Pages. UMR SEEF. Université Dan Dicko Dankoulodo de Maradi. Niger. |
| [23] | Khajuria JK, Katoch R, Yadav A, Godara R, Gupta SK, Singh A., 2013. Seasonal prevalence of astrointestinal helminths in sheep and goats of middle agro-climatic zone of Jammu province. J Parasit Dis., 37(1): 21-5. |
| [24] | Choubisa SL, Jaroli VJ., 2013. Gastrointestinal parasitic infection in diverse species of domestic ruminants inhabiting tribal rural areas of southern Rajasthan, India. J Parasit Dis., 37(2): 271-5. |
| [25] | Vercruysse J. and Claerebout E., 2003. Assessment of the efficacy of helminth vaccines. J. Parasitol., 2003, 89 (Suppl.): S202- S209. |
| [26] | De Maere V., Vercauteren I., Gevaert K., Vercruysse J., Claerebout E., 2005. An aspartyl protease inhibitor of Ostertagia ostertagi: Molecular cloning, analysis of stage and tissue specific expression and vaccine trial. Molecular & Biochemical Parasitology, 141: 81–88. |
| [27] | Caprin. Strongles digestifs et pulmonaires chez les caprins, 2009. Bulletin de l’Alliance Pastorale, N°793: p.8. |
| [28] | Holm SA, Sörensen CR, Thamsborg SM, Enemark HL., 2014. Gastrointestinal nematodes and anthelmintic resistance in Danish goat herds. Parasite., 21: 37. doi: 10.1051/parasite/2014038. Epub 2014 Jul 31. |
