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Vol.1 , No. 1, Publication Date: May 13, 2016, Page: 1-18
<sup>1</sup> of the effluents of a spontaneous housing neighborhood. Effluents refer to gray water (domestic), surface water (rainwater) and faeces. In this document, we are particularly interested in waste sludge from independent sanitation systems (ISS) <sup>2</sup>. After a presentation of the LCA methodology, a case study on effluents from an ISS2of the Bonamoussadi neighborhood was carried out. The case of the EcoSan latrine, which does not exist in the neighborhood, was considered, with a view to manage the effluents better. The various systems that were studied reveal that, the traditional shallow latrine that is often drained into the river is the most polluting. The EcoSan latrine is the most polluting device for the majority of indicators, except for water and eco-toxicity indicators. However, the EcoSan latrine has an environmental benefit when sludge is exploited in the agricultural sector. The environmental impacts of sanitation devices differ according to the various phases of the life cycle. Thus, the phase of construction impacts energy, resources, water, waste and radioactive waste and odors. The exploitation and maintenance phase has impacts characterized by toxicity, eco-toxicity, acidification, global warming potential (GWP) <sup>3</sup>, eutrophication and smog.&picture=http://www.aascit.org/aascit/decorators/img/journal/816.jpg)
| [1] | Elime Bouboama Aimé, Mechanical Engineering, National Advanced School of Engineering, University of Yaoundé I, Yaounde, Cameroon. |
| [2] | Mamba Mpele, Civil Engineering, National Advanced School of Engineering, University of Yaoundé I, Yaounde, Cameroon. |
| [3] | Tsimi Ngah Inès, Mechanical Engineering, National Advanced School of Engineering, University of Yaoundé I, Yaounde, Cameroon. |
This work is about the life cycle assessment (LCA)1 of the effluents of a spontaneous housing neighborhood. Effluents refer to gray water (domestic), surface water (rainwater) and faeces. In this document, we are particularly interested in waste sludge from independent sanitation systems (ISS) 2. After a presentation of the LCA methodology, a case study on effluents from an ISS2of the Bonamoussadi neighborhood was carried out. The case of the EcoSan latrine, which does not exist in the neighborhood, was considered, with a view to manage the effluents better. The various systems that were studied reveal that, the traditional shallow latrine that is often drained into the river is the most polluting. The EcoSan latrine is the most polluting device for the majority of indicators, except for water and eco-toxicity indicators. However, the EcoSan latrine has an environmental benefit when sludge is exploited in the agricultural sector. The environmental impacts of sanitation devices differ according to the various phases of the life cycle. Thus, the phase of construction impacts energy, resources, water, waste and radioactive waste and odors. The exploitation and maintenance phase has impacts characterized by toxicity, eco-toxicity, acidification, global warming potential (GWP) 3, eutrophication and smog.
Keywords
Life Cycle Assessment, Sanitation Device, Spontaneous Housing in Cameroon, Dehydration Room, Decision-Making Aid
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