The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of ethanolic extract of H. sabdariffa and 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine on the kidney function parameters of rats. 20 rats were evenly distributed into 4 groups and treatment lasted for a week. For the first six (6) days, the animals in group one (1) and group four (4) were treated with water alone while groups two (2) and three (3) rats received ethanolic extract of H. sabdariffa alone. At the end of the 6th day, the animals were fasted overnight and on the 7th day, each animal in groups 3 and 4 received 28 mg per kg body weight of 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (2, 4-DNPH) alone and after 7 hours they were sacrificed under diethyl ether anesthesia and their serum and kidney samples taken and prepared for biochemical assays to determine their urea, sodium, potassium, bicarbonates, chloride, creatinine and malondialdehyde levels. The high levels of MDA and creatinine observed in the serum of the rats treated with 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine alone relative to their respective controls show the ability of 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine to provoke cytotoxicity in the kidney. It can also be established from this study that the ethanolic extract of H. sabdariffa has anti-oxidant property which was shown in the significant reduction in the level of MDA and creatinine in the serum of rats treated with the ethanolic extract H. sabdariffa prior to the treatment with 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine when compared to the rats treated with 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine alone.
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